Parasite discovery tackles wastewater foam

La Trobe University researchers have discovered a way to kill a bacterium that causes foaming in wastewater treatment facilities. The strategy could pave the way to solving a costly and hazardous problem encountered by wastewater treatment plants globally.

Discussing the research findings, published in Nature Microbiology, Associate Professor Steve Petrovski explained that wastewater treatment plants can be plagued by operational problems caused by the foam created by certain bacteria. His work focuses on ‘bacteriophages’ — viruses that infect and kill bacteria.

“This foam reduces the quality of effluent and creates a hazardous work environment at the plant. It costs the industry billions of dollars each year and makes the plants inefficient, yet there are no effective ways to control these foams,” Associate Professor Petrovski said.

“One particular bacterium — Gordonia amarae — is notorious for causing persistent and stable foams in wastewater treatment plants. Through our work to isolate a phage that will target G. amarae, we accidentally stumbled across another potential solution — a previously unknown microscopic parasite attached to the bacterium.”

The team at La Trobe sequenced G. amarae’s genome and identified previously unknown defence mechanisms that explained why the bacteria is so difficult to combat with bacteriophages.

“But the microparasite, which we have named Mycosynbacter amalyticus, latches onto G. amarae and in fact kills it. This may represent a promising biocontrol strategy to prevent wastewater foaming.”

Associate Professor Petrovski said the find was very exciting.

“Some organisms related to G. amarae can also cause disease in humans and animals such as nocardiosis and bacteremia, and this novel ultrasmall bacterium could potentially be the cure.”

Image credit: ©stock.adobe.com/au/Serhii Moiseiev